@article{oai:glim-re.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005596,
 author = {伊藤, 匡 and 白井, 克典 and Ito, Tadashi and Shirai, Katsunori},
 issue = {4},
 journal = {ISS Research Series},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, This study reviewed the DFQF access initiatives for the LDCs agreed at the WTO meeting in 2005. After explaining the background of the DFQF initiatives, we summarised the DFQF initiatives of the major developed-country members along with the cases of South Korea and China. The developed member countries began preferential treatment of LDCs in the 1970s and 1980s before accelerating their initiatives in the early 2000s.Further enhancements were implemented in and after 2005. The initiatives of the European Union, Canada, Australia, and Japan are not selective for either countries or products while the zero-tariff scheme of the United States is somewhat selective. The initiatives of South Korea and China are selective with regard to products and/or countries. While the European Union, Canada, Australia, and Japan have achieved almost full zero-tariff coverage of all tariff lines, the coverage ratio of the United States has reached about 85%. Econometric analyses using the triple difference estimator method showed that the DFQF programmes of Australia and Canada were found to be positively associated with LDC exports to these countries whereas those of the United States, Japan, and the European Union show no positive association.},
 pages = {1--18},
 title = {Duty-Free, Quota-Free Market Access Initiative: A Review},
 year = {2023},
 yomi = {イトウ, タダシ and シライ, カツノリ}
}