2026-03-08T04:42:57Z https://glim-re.repo.nii.ac.jp/oai

oai:glim-re.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002743 2023-08-10T01:28:22Z 1253:1363:18:777

ジョン・ロックにおける慈愛の権利 : その性質と役割についての検討 ジョンロック ニオケル ジアイ ノ ケンリ ソノ セイシツ ト ヤクワリ ニツイテ ノ ケントウ John Locke on Charity : with a particular reference to its roles in his political theory 渡邊, 裕一 37587 ワタナベ, ユウイチ 9000018681000 Watanabe, Yuichi 60848969 DA19496750 application/pdf This paper considers Locke’s concept of a right to charity which figures in his system of political theory. There are three questions to be considered. First, what does Locke mean by a ‘right to charity’? Second, what roles does it play in his political theory? Third, how is the right to charity, or a correlative duty of charity, to be realized in political society? In dealing with the third question, I will not only clarify Locke’s own position but also try to unfold its implications by reconstructing his arguments. The right to charity, as Locke sees it, is a natural right. The natural right is to be preserved in political society. A government is expected to preserve each person’s natural rights; or more precisely, his ‘property’ in the broad sense, i.e. his life, liberty, and estate. The right to charity is a means to preserve each person’s life and liberty. However, we tend to lose sight of this fact, since we often confine our attention to the last item of property, i.e. each one’s estate or his external goods. This paper tries to make it clear that the right to charity enables a poor person to request rich people to transfer some of their goods. This right serves to preserve his life, while it functions to secure his voluntary consent and the liberty of his choice. Life and the liberty of choice are essential to Locke’s property theory. Locke did not seem to assign a government the task of realizing the poor person’s right to charity. However, since the end of political society is to preserve each person’s ‘property’ which includes his life and liberty, it follows that a government can legitimately transfer goods from rich people to poor people insofar as it is required by that end. departmental bulletin paper 学習院大学大学院人文科学研究科 2012-10 VoR application/pdf 学習院大学人文科学論集 21 1 31 Gakushuin University studies in humanities http://hdl.handle.net/10959/3020 AN10398283 09190791 https://glim-re.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2743/files/jinbunkagaku_21_1_31.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/10959/3020 https://glim-re.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2743 jpn